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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibsutis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник СибГУТИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Herald of the Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-6920</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СибГУТИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55648/1998-6920-2025-19-3-61-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibsutis-976</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексная методика профилирования геофизических характеристик на трассе распространения радиоволн диапазона очень низких частот</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comprehensive technique for profiling geophysical characteristics along the radio waves propagation path in the very low frequency band</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-4285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Типикин</surname><given-names>Алексей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tipikin</surname><given-names>Alexey Alekseevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Начальник отдела НИИ ОСИС ВМФ, SPIN 2114-7517, Scopus ID 58752151700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">alextip@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-морского флота "Военно-морская академия"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Navy "Naval Academy"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Вестник СибГУТИ</issue-title><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Типикин А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Типикин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tipikin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.sibsutis.ru/jour/article/view/976">https://vestnik.sibsutis.ru/jour/article/view/976</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: в работе предложена комплексная методика использования современных геофизических моделей для профилирования геофизических характеристик на радиотрассе диапазона очень низких частот, которая объединяет ряд частных методик и реализована в виде программы на языке Matlab.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: исходными данными служит информация из цифровых глобальных карт электрических характеристик подстилающей поверхности, геомагнитных моделей International Geomagnetic Reference Field или World Magnetic Model, а также модели ионосферы International Reference Ionosphere. В основе методики лежит циклическое обращение к геофизическим моделям, управляемое такими параметрами, как зенитный угол солнца, проводимость подстилающей поверхности, геомагнитный азимут радиотрассы и амплитуда геомагнитного поля. При выходе полученного значения одного из управляющих параметров за пределы назначенного интервала выполняется сохранение характеристик сегмента радиотрассы в массив исходных данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: прогнозирование напряженности поля с помощью апробированного пакета программ показало, что замена моделей исходных данных вносит в прогноз выраженные периодические возмущения, которые проявляются в виде биения уровня напряженности поля по расстоянию. Количественно оценка эффекта выполнена с помощью периодограммы по уровню соответствующих гармоник. Проведенный анализ показал, что периодические возмущения являются следствием резкого спада электронной концентрации в стандартной модели ионосферы, поэтому в комплексную методику сегментации внедрена гибридная модель ионосферы, которая совмещает биэкспоненциальную и стандартную модели ионосферы для более плавного спада электронной концентрации на низких высотах.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключения</title><p>Обсуждение и заключения: в результате прогнозирования с использованием комплексной методики выявлено, что внедрение гибридной модели дает наименьшие периодические возмущения в прогнозе напряженности поля. Однако, использование гибридной модели осложняется необходимостью обоснованного выбора точки, в которой происходит переход от одной экспоненциальной функции к другой, поэтому применение биэкспоненциальной модели требует проведения дополнительных исследований</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The subject of the study</title><p>The subject of the study. Results of the electromagnetic field strength forecasting in the very low frequency band highly depends on the accuracy of the input data, such as the underlying surface electrical characteristics, the characteristics of the geomagnetic field and the ionosphere. Currently, modern geophysical models provide sufficiently high accuracy of the initial data for the field strength forecasting, but their implementation is complicated by the disparity of data presentation formats and requirement for software implementations of forecasting methods refinement. The study proposes a comprehensive methodology for using modern geophysical models for profiling geophysical characteristics on the very low frequency band radio path.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The complex technique was obtained by combining a number of partial techniques and implemented as a program in the Matlab programming language. The initial data are taken from digital global maps of the underlying surface electrical characteristics, geomagnetic models, such as International Geomagnetic Reference Field or World Magnetic Model, and the International Reference Ionosphere model. The technique is based on a cyclic access to the geophysical models which is controlled by the number of parameters such as the Sun zenith angle, the underlying surface conductivity, the geomagnetic azimuth of the radio path and the geomagnetic field amplitude. When the obtained value of one of the control parameters goes beyond the designated interval, the characteristics of the radio path segment are added to the initial data array.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Approved software package for the field strength forecasting has shown that the replacement of the initial data models introduces visible periodic disturbances into the forecast, that take a form of the field strength level pulsation over a distance. The effect was quantified with the corresponding harmonics levels in the periodogram. The analysis showed that periodic disturbances are the result of a sharp decrease in electron density in the International Reference Ionosphere model, therefore, a hybrid ionospheric model has been introduced into the complex segmentation technique, that combines the bi-exponential and International Reference Ionosphere models for a smoother decrease in electron concentration at low altitudes.</p><p>Discussion and conclusions. Field strength forecasting with the complex technique revealed that the introduction of a hybrid model gives the least periodic disturbances values of the field strength. However, the use of a hybrid ionosphere model is complicated by the need for a rational selection of the point where takes place the transition from one exponential function to another, therefore, the use of a bi-exponential model requires additional research. Moreover, the further direction of the study is to assess the accuracy of the developed methodology forecasting based on practical measurement data.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сегментирование радиотрассы</kwd><kwd>геофизические модели</kwd><kwd>очень низкие частоты</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>напряженность поля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radio path segmentation</kwd><kwd>geophysical models</kwd><kwd>very low frequencies</kwd><kwd>forecasting</kwd><kwd>field strength</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li G., Wang Y., Liu C. Analysis of VLF Radio Wave Propagation Characteristics and Its Influence on Underwater Platform Communication // IEEE 3rd International Conference on Communications and Information Systems (ICCIS). 2018. P. 83-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li G., Wang Y., Liu C.  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