Development of a method for reducing the papr for orthogonal access methods based on the use of shaping filters in hybrid communication networks

This paper presents a method for peak factor (PAPR) reduction in hybrid satellite communication networks using orthogonal access methods and shaping filters. The proposed approach combines flexible protective intervals and formative filtering methods to optimize signal transmission in low-orbit satellite networks. Several types of filters have been investigated, including the raised cosine (RC), the root raised cosine (RRC), the «better than» raised cosine (BTRC) and its optimized version (OBTRC). A new variant of the shaping filter based on OBTRC one is proposed. The method is evaluated by emulation low-orbit satellite communication networks. OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM technologies with zero-tail and unique word modifications. The simulation results show a decrease in PAPR by 0.5-2 dB compared to traditional approaches.

1. Ton W., Zhu P. 6G: The next horizon. 2021.

2. Pekhterev S. V., Makarenko S. I., Kovalskii A. A. Opisatel'naya model' sistemy sputnikovoi svyazi Starlink [Descriptive model of the Starlink satellite communication system]. Sistemy upravleniya, svyazi i bezopasnosti, 2022, no. 4, pp. 190-255. https://doi.org/10.24412/2410-99162022-4-190-255

3. An' N. D., Ershov A. V. Sistema «Marafon IoT» i novyi rynok sputnikovogo IoT [Marathon IoT system and the new satellite IoT market]. Tekhnologii i sredstva svyazi, 2021, no. S1, pp. 75-80.

4. Ozger M. et al. 6G for connected sky: A vision for integrating terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks. Proc. of the 2023 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit), IEEE, 2023, pp. 711-716. https://doi.org/10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188330

5. Alfattani S. et al. Multi-mode high altitude platform stations (HAPS) for next generation wireless networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.11423, 2022. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.11423

6. Sattarzadeh A. et al. Satellite-based non-terrestrial networks in 5G: Insights and challenges. IEEE Access, 2021, vol. 10, pp. 11274-11283. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3137560

7. Cho Y. S. et al. MIMO-OFDM wireless communications with MATLAB. John Wiley & Sons, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470825631

8. Sal'nikov R. O. et al. Analiz metodov snizheniya pik-faktora signala v usloviyakh vliyaniya effekta Doplera v gibridnykh setyakh svyazi [Analysis of methods for reducing signal peak-to-average power ratio under Doppler effect conditions in hybrid communication networks]. Physics of Wave Processes and Radio Systems, 2024, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 61-70. https://doi.org/10.18469/1810-3189.2024.27.3.61-70

9. Berardinelli G. Generalized DFT-s-OFDM waveforms without cyclic prefix. IEEE Access, 2017, vol. 6, pp. 4677-4689. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2781122

10. Kumar U. et al. A waveform for 5G: Guard interval DFT-s-OFDM. Proc. of the 2015 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), IEEE, 2015, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOMW.2015.7414204

11. Singh R. et al. PAPR reduction for OFDM communication system based on ZCT-pre-coding scheme. Proc. of the 2021 Second International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), IEEE, 2021, pp. 555-558. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESC51422.2021.9532776

12. Kumar N. et al. Fusion of Adaptive SLM Technique with Companding for PAPR reduction in 5G MIMO-OFDM System. Proc. of the 2023 Second International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Information and Communication Technologies (ICEEICT), IEEE, 2023, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEICT56924.2023.10157778

13. Lee S. J., Beaulieu N. C. Performance comparison of non-data-aided symbol timing-error detection for the raised-cosine and "Better than" raised-cosine pulses. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2009, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 1261-1264. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2009.05.070169

14. Assimonis S. D. et al. Optimized "better than" raised-cosine pulse for reduced ICI in OFDM systems. Proc. of the 2010 17th International Conference on Telecommunications, IEEE, 2010, pp. 249-252. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTEL.2010.5478748

15. Ochiai H. Peak Power Properties of Band-Limited Signals: With Pulse Shaping or Windowing. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2024, vol. 73, no. 10, pp. 15200-15213. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2024.3410398

16. Aboul-Dahab M. A., Fouad M. M., Roshdy R. A. Generalized discrete Fourier transform for FBMC peak to average power ratio reduction. IEEE Access, 2019, vol. 7, pp. 81730-81740. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2921447

17. Peng S. et al. PAPR reduction of multicarrier faster-than-Nyquist signals with partial transmit sequence. IEEE Access, 2017, vol. 5, pp. 24931-24937. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2771758

18. Sahrab A. A., Yaseen A. D. Filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing for improved 5G systems. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2021, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2079-2087. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i4.3119

19. Zhang X. et al. Filtered-OFDM-enabler for flexible waveform in the 5th generation cellular networks. Proc. of the 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), IEEE, 2015, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2015.7417854

20. Luferchik P. V. et al. Modelirovanie algoritmov umen'sheniya pik-faktora OFDM signalov i realizatsiya nailuchshego metoda dlya kanala s zamiraniyami [Modeling of algorithms for reducing PAPR of OFDM signals and implementation of the best method for a fading channel]. Sibirskii aerokosmicheskii zhurnal, 2022, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 177-188. https://doi.org/10.31772/2712-8970-2022-23-2-177-188

21. Kalinin V. S., Belov S. P. Obzor istochnikov pomekh v sputnikovykh sistemakh svyazi [Overview of interference sources in satellite communication systems]. Nauchnyi rezul'tat. Informatsionnye tekhnologii, 2022, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 3-13. https://doi.org/10.18413/2518-1092-2022-7-3-0-1

22. Wenqi Q. et al. Fine Doppler shift acquisition algorithm for BeiDou software receiver by a look-up table. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2020, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 612-625. https://doi.org/10.23919/JSEE.2020.000037

23. Tian D. et al. Frequency offset estimation for 5G based LEO satellite communication systems. Proc. of the 2019 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC), IEEE, 2019, pp. 647-652. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCChina.2019.8855824

24. Harris F. J. On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with the discrete Fourier transform. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1978, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 51-83. https://doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1978.10837

25. Sultana T., Shawkat S. A. Employment of pulse shaping techniques for efficient PAPR reduction in OFDM system. Proc. of the 2014 17th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT), IEEE, 2014, pp. 482-487. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCITechn.2014.7073118

26. Mamun M. M. I., Medhi D., Beard C. CP-Less MIMO Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM. Proc. of the 2020 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications (ISNCC), IEEE, 2020, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC49221.2020.9297194

27. Hossain M. N. et al. Waveform design of DFT-Spread WR-OFDM system for the OOB and PAPR reduction. Proc. of the 2018 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), IEEE, 2018, pp. 792-796. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC.2018.8539398

28. Mamun M. M. I., Beard C., Medhi D. A UAV-Assisted Multiuser Non-terrestrial Cyclic Postfixed Windowed OFDM System. Proc. of the 2022 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications (ISNCC), IEEE, 2022, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC55209.2022.9851701

29. Network E. U. T. R. A. 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Access. EUTRA Network, 2011.

30. 3GPP Radio Access Network Working Group et al. Study on channel model for frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz (Release 15). 3GPP TR 38.901, 2018, vol. 15.

31. Meshkov I. K. et al. The development of methods for estimating and compensating frequency and time offset in 6G DFT-s-OFDM technology communication systems. Proc. of the 2022 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Engineering, Computer and Information Sciences (SIBIRCON), IEEE, 2022, pp. 1040-1045. https://doi.org/10.1109/SIBIRCON56155.2022.10016969

32. Gurlev I. V. Problemy razvitiya setei svyazi i upravleniya pokoleniya 5G v Rossii [Problems of development of 5G communication and management networks in Russia]. Vestnik evraziiskoi nauki, 2019, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 47.

33. Baeza V. M. et al. An overview of channel models for NGSO satellites. Proc. of the 2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall), IEEE, 2022, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.10173

34. Tropea M., De Rango F. A comprehensive review of channel modeling for land mobile satellite communications. Electronics, 2022, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 820. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050820